When is a Special Constable authorized to arrest without warrant off premises under the TPA?

A Special Constable is authorized to arrest without a warrant off premises under the Trespass to Property Act (TPA) specifically when a person contravenes section 2 of the Act and refuses to provide their name and address to the officer. This provision is in place to empower Special Constables to take necessary action in situations where an individual is trespassing and is not cooperating or identifying themselves.

This authority is crucial for maintaining order and ensuring enforcement of property rights. By allowing this arrest without a warrant, the law facilitates a timely response to prevent further unlawful behavior on private property. If individuals engaging in trespass are allowed to evade identification, it could hinder enforcement and accountability.

The other scenarios may involve some level of police authority, but they do not specifically relate to the context outlined in the TPA regarding the obligation of a person to provide identification after a contravention.